Longevity in the fold is also a Highland trait. Their superior intelligence lends them to easy handling and halter training. Despite the presence of long horns on both cows and bulls, Highlands are very sweet natured, gentle and calm. Being a very even-tempered, docile animal, Highlands are not predisposed to stress-related diseases. Their long lashes and forelocks, called dossan, protect their eyes from flies and the sun, reducing the incidence of pinkeye and cancer. The Highland's proven ability to produce top quality meat without the addition of expensive high-quality feeds makes this breed the perfect choice for those people who wish to produce beef with natural inputs. They are noted for their browsing ability and therefore are well suited to farmsteads where there is an excess of poor pasture and rough land. The Highland will survive on roughage and poor grazing - including brush - under climatic conditions where most other popular breeds would suffer. They both graze and browse, eating many plants that other breeds of cattle avoid. Highlands don't require shelter from the cold, feed supplements, or grain to maintain good body condition. Though they will shed their heavy coat in hot and dry climates, Highlands will grow a new coat when the cold and damp weather returns. With the double coat of hair and thick hide, the Highland has been adapted by nature to withstand great exposure. Highlands have a double coat of hair consisting of a downy undercoat and a long outer coat which sheds the rain and snow. Hardy from exposure to the high rainfall and strong winds of the Scottish Highlands, Highlands seem to enjoy harsh conditions inhospitable to other breeds. Yellow, white, silver, dun, and brindle are colors now seen in the Highland breed in addition to the original red and black. Today they are both considered part of the Scottish Highland Breed. The Kyloe was a slightly smaller, black animal that lived on the islands off the west coast in northern Scotland, while a larger distinctly red animal existed in the remote Highlands of Scotland. Originally there were two distinct classes of Highland.

The extremely harsh conditions created a very fit and adaptable breed. The first herd book was established in 1884, but the Highland breed has lived for centuries in the rugged, remote Scottish Highlands. Diskin, The Agricultural Institute, Belclare, Tuam, Galway, Ireland ABSTRACT The extent and timing of embryonic mortality in heifers, normal cows and repeat breeder cows has been reviewed.The Highland is the oldest registered breed of cattle. ******************** THE EXTENT AND TIMING OF EMBRYONIC MORTALITY IN THE COW J. The final summary contains general conclusions from the Seminar and recommendations for future research work on this topic. Possible causes of embryonic death including physiological, endocrinological, genetic and immunological components were outlined and discussed.

Particular consideration was then given to the various mechanisms and signals, both embryonic and uterine in origin, that are so far known to be involved in the establishment of pregnancy. As a background to the Seminar, the extent and timing of embryonic loss was described for farm animals. This book contains the text of the papers, discussions and final summary presented at that Seminar. Accordingly the Commission of the European Communities encouraged the organisation of a seminar on embryonic mortality in farm animals which was held in Brussels on the 11th and 12th of December 1984. Reproductive wastage is a major inefficiency in all livestock production with embryonic mortality accounting for a major portion of this loss.

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